Origins:
– Still wines from Champagne known before medieval times
– Romans first to plant vineyards in northeast France
– Cultivation slow due to unpopular edict by Emperor Domitian
– Church-owned vineyards produced wine for sacrament
– Champenois sought to produce wines of equal acclaim to Burgundy
Production Process:
– Champagne made under strict rules of the appellation
– Specific vineyard practices and grape-sourcing required
– Primary fermentation followed by secondary fermentation in the bottle
– Grapes used include Pinot noir, Pinot meunier, and Chardonnay
– Small amounts of other grape varieties also vinified
Association with Royalty:
– Champagne associated with royalty in 17th-19th centuries
– Leading manufacturers linked Champagne with nobility and royalty
– Efforts through advertising and packaging increased popularity
– Champagne served at French kings’ coronation festivities
– Popular among emerging middle class due to marketing efforts
Global Popularity:
– Champagne is a symbol of celebration worldwide
– Exported to over 200 countries
– Major markets include the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan
– Annual sales exceed 300 million bottles
– Champagne tourism a significant industry in the region
Economic Impact:
– Champagne production contributes significantly to the French economy
– Provides employment for thousands in the Champagne region
– Tourism related to Champagne industry boosts local economy
– Champagne houses support local agriculture and viticulture
– Export of Champagne contributes to France’s trade balance
Champagne (/ʃæmˈpeɪn/, French: [ʃɑ̃paɲ]) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, which demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, specific grape-pressing methods and secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to cause carbonation.
The grapes Pinot noir, Pinot meunier, and Chardonnay are used to produce almost all Champagne, but small amounts of Pinot blanc, Pinot gris (called Fromenteau in Champagne), Arbane, and Petit Meslier are vinified as well.
Champagne became associated with royalty in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to its popularity among the emerging middle class.