Sugarcane in Brazil:
– Sugarcane introduced to Brazil by Portuguese in 16th century
– Indigenous people initially cultivated sugarcane
– Transition from trade to slavery of indigenous population
– African slaves imported due to market growth
– Brazil remains a major sugar producer today
The Engenho:
– Export boom in late 18th and early 19th century boosted sugar production
– Engenhos were large plantations with necessary machinery for sugar refining
– Engenhos combined manufacturing, chemistry, and agriculture for mass sugar production
– Specialized slaves and servants were essential for Engenho operation
– Division of labor among overseers and slaves crucial for sugar production process
See also:
– Fazenda
– Trapiche
– Engenho Vitória
References:
– Challenges of Sugar Cane Production in Brazil: Human and Social Costs of Ethanol by Terry-Ann Jones
– Slavery in the Circuit of Sugar, Second Edition: Martinique and the World-Economy, 1830-1848 by Dale W. Tomich
– Chapter 45: The Cuban Sugar Planters 1790-1820 The Most Solid and Brilliant Bourgeois Class in all of Latin America by Antón L. Allahar, Verene A. Shepherd, and Hilary McD. Beckles
– Brazil at the Dawn of the Eighteenth Century by Andre Joao Antonil and Timothy Coates
– Inventing ingenios: experimental philosophy and the secret sugar-makers of the seventeenth-century Atlantic by Eric Otremba