Sugar Intervention

Background:
– Conservative Cuban president re-elected in November 1916
– Liberals questioned re-election circumstances
– Military insurgency led by former president and others
– Liberals failed to overthrow the government
– Cuba declared war on Germany in April 1917

Intervention:
– Menocal offered training camps to USA in July 1917
– American Marines arrived in August 1917
– Marines ensured safety of sugar plantations
– Marines cooperated with local authorities
– Marines faced anti-American protests

Aftermath:
– 3rd Marine Brigade reinforced by 1st Marines in November 1918
– American presence in Cuba limited to Guantanamo Bay by 1922

See also:
– First Occupation of Cuba (1898-1902)
– Second Occupation of Cuba (1906-1909)
– Cuba-United States relations
– Diplomatic posts
– Cuba-United States aircraft hijackings

References:
– Perez Jr., Louis A. (1979)
– Musicant, I, The Banana Wars, 1990
– Clark, George B. (2010)
– Cuba-United States relations
– Various incidents and legal cases mentioned